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62, p = 0.001). Anti-GRP78aa 246-260 concentrations were independent of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. GRP78 autoantigen expression was upregulated among human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) stressed by incubation with tunicamycin (an unfolded protein response inducer) or exposure to culture media flow disturbances. Autoantibodies against GRP78aa 246-260, isolated from patient plasma by immunoprecipitation, induced HAEC production of proatherosclerotic mediators, including IL-8. In conclusion, anti-GRP78 autoantibodies are highly associ