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The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the direct effect of an Er,CrYSGG laser on human apical papilla cell (APC) proliferation and mineralization and (2) to examine the effect of Er,CrYSGG laser, when applied to an ex vivo immature tooth model, on APC attachment. An Er,CrYSGG laser at various power outputs (0.1, 0.5, and 1 W) was used at different positions (2, 5, or 8 mm from the cells) to irradiate cultured APCs. APC proliferation and mineralization were assessed at various intervals. For the cell attachment evaluation, ex