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This paper addresses the optimal vaccination and treatment control problems for regional approximate controllability of a new spatiotemporal epidemic model that is developed by afterwards adding at the basic susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic system with the Caputo time-fractional derivative of order α∈(0,1] and the diffusion term in each compartment. The obtained results can be used by policy-makers in any nation to optimally plan the limited vaccination and treatment resources ahead of ongoing outbreaks. Toward this aim the Sakawa-type controll