https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/ap-3-a4-enobl
ip fracture warrants further study. Beyond smoking, several risk factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been described, among which socioeconomic status including education is of particular interest. We studied the contribution of education to lung function and symptoms relative to smoking in a group of never-smokers with COPD compared to a group of long-time ex-smokers with COPD. We used baseline data of the COSYCONET cohort, including patients of GOLD grades 1-4 who were either never-