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Rationale Stress plays a dual role in substance use disorders as a precursor to drug intake and a relapse precipitant. With heroin use at epidemic proportions in the United States, understanding interactions between stress disorders and opioid use disorder is vital and will aid in treatment of these frequently comorbid conditions. Objectives Here, we combine assays of stress and contingent heroin self-administration (SA) to study behavioral adaptations in response to stress and heroin associated cues in male and female rats. Methods Rat