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https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/prt062607-p50
At initiation of maintenance dialysis, only 5% of countries used an arteriovenous access in almost all patients. Vascular access education was suboptimal, funding for vascular access procedures was not uniform, and copayments were greater in countries with lower levels of income. Patients in 23% of the low-income countries had to pay 75% of HD costs compared with patients in only 4% of high-income countries. A cross-sectional survey with possibility of response bias, social desirability bias, and limited data collectio