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Simultaneously, H/R inhibited autophagy and triggered pyroptosis. 1,25(OH) D , the hormonally active form of vitamin D, dramatically attenuated H/R-induced trophoblast dysfunction. Also, 1,25(OH) D activated autophagy and inhibited pyroptosis. Additionally, autophagy-enhancer rapamycin exerted similar protective effect to that of 1,25(OH) D , whereas autophagy-inhibitor 3-methyladenine blocked the protective effect of 1,25(OH) D . The mechanism that vitamin D alleviates trophoblast cell dysfunction is associated with autophagy inductio