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https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/emd-1214063.h
Optimal analgesic treatment following cardiac surgery is crucial for both patient comfort and successful postoperative recovery. While knowledge of both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of analgesics is required to predict optimal drug dosing, models quantifying the pharmacodynamics are scarce. Here, we quantify the pharmacodynamics of morphine by modeling the need for rescue morphine to treat unacceptable pain in 118 patients after cardiac surgery. The rescue morphine event data were analyzed with repeated time-to-event (R