https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/gsk-3484862.h
The objective of this review was to evaluate the effects of preoperative intrathecal morphine (ITM) in addition to patient-controlled analgesia with morphine (PCAM) versus PCAM without preoperative ITM on total morphine dosage in the first 24 hours postoperatively in adult patients undergoing abdominal or thoracic surgery. Postoperative pain is a significant problem for patients undergoing major abdominal and thoracic surgery. Intrathecal morphine can reduce postoperative pain and reduce intravenous (IV) morphine requirements during
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