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Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with air pollution, possibly due to the augmentation of inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to determine the roles of inflammatory pathways and microRNA involved in the pathogenesis of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) inflammation induced by particulate matter. Methods The inflammatory mediators, messenger RNAs, microRNAs and their interrelationships were investigated using western blotting, QPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Results Particulate matter (PMs) ind